웨스트버지니아 20년 4개월, 하와이 9년 8개월... 플로리다는?
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▲ 세계에서 가장 큰 은퇴촌으로 불리는 플로리다 더 빌리지스(The Villages)를 공중에서 본 모습. 올랜도에서 북쪽으로 한 시간 거리에 위치해 있다. ⓒ 위키피디아
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(올랜도=코리아위클리) 김명곤 기자 = 미국에서 편안한 은퇴생활을 위해 저축해야 할 정확한 금액을 결정하는 것은 어려운 일이지만, 그 목표를 달성하는 것은 더욱 힘들 수 있다.
슈왑 은퇴 계획 서비스(Schwab Retirement Planning Services)가 최근 실시한 설문조사에 따르면 미국인은 편안한 은퇴생활을 위해 평균 190만 달러(약 25억 6500만원)가 필요하다고 답했다.
미국인들이 55세에서 65세 사이에 저축한 평균 금액이 19만 7322달러로, 은퇴 후 필요한 금액과는 거리가 멀다는 점을 고려하면, 190만 달러는 대다수 미국인들이 감당할 수 없는 수준이다.
일단 은퇴금 190만 달러는 먼 꿈이라 치고, 중산층 은퇴자들이 어찌 어찌 해서 100만 달러(약 13억 5000만원)를 마련해 두었다면?
사설 금융 웹사이트 고우뱅킹레이츠(GOBankingRates, 이하 고우뱅킹)는 최근 미국 노동 통계국 자료를 기반으로 100만 달러를 은퇴자금으로 모은 직장인이 65세 은퇴후 일하지 않고 얼마나 버틸 수 있을 지를 조사했다.
100만 달러는 상당히 큰 금액이지만 생각보다 오래 버틸 수 없다는 연구결과가 나왔다.
고우뱅킹은 식료품, 주택, 공과금, 교통비, 의료비를 포함한 연간 생활비를 기준으로 보고서를 작성했다. 보고서는 2024년 4월 23일을 기준으로 수집된 자료를 분석한 것이다.
예상대로 물가가 비싼 주에 거주하는 경우 오래 버티기는 힘들고 그렇지 않는 주는 훨신 더 긴 기간을 견딜 수 있다는 결론이 나왔다.
가령 하와이 같은 고물가 지역 주민은 100만 달러로 9년 8개월을 살 수 있는 반면, 산간 지역이 많은 웨스트 버지니아는 이보다 두 배 이상 긴 20년 4개월을 살아 낼 수 있다.
두 주의 생활비를 많이 드는 항목별 순서대로 분류하면, 하와이의 경우 주거비 3만 5813달러, 의료비 9485달러, 유틸리티 6913달러, 교통비 6238달러, 식료품 5339달러를 기록했다. 전체 연간 생활비는 10만 3610달러였다.
반면 웨스트 버지니아는 주거비 7284달러, 의료비 7163달러, 식료품 4701달러, 교통비 4528달러, 유틸리티 4067달러로, 전체 연간 생활비는 4만 9261달러로 계산되었다. 하와이의 반절 수준에도 미치지 않은 생활비가 드는 셈이다.
그렇다면 미국내 최고의 은퇴지이자 관광지로 꼽히는 플로리다는 어떨까.
플로리다의 생활비는 주거비가 1만 2557달러로 가장 많은 비중을 차지했다. 의료비가 7321달러로 뒤를 이었고, 교통비 4805달러, 식료품비 4783달러, 유틸리티 4189달러 순이었다.
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▲ 올랜도에서 북쪽으로 한 시간 거리에 있는 더 빌리지스(The Villages)의 레스토랑 외부 풍경. 길가에 골프 카들이 줄지어 세워져 있다. ⓒ 위키피디아
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결국 100만 달러를 은퇴자금으로 가진 플로리다 은퇴자는 1년 간 5만 8396달러를 소비하여 17년 1개월 13일을 버틸 수 있다는 계산이 나왔다.
플로리다는 전체 51개 주 가운데 22위를 기록, 비교적 은퇴자금이 빨리 고갈되는 지역에 속했다.
바로 윗동네로 한인들에게 인기 은퇴지로 각광 받고 있는 조지아주 은퇴자는 100만 달러로 플로리다 은퇴자보다 2년을 더 살 수 있는 19년 11일을 기록, 전체 41위에 올랐다.
고우뱅킹은 전국 수치에 미주리 경제 연구 및 정보 센터의 각 주의 전체 생활비 지수 점수를 곱하여 주별 연간 지출 추정치를 만들었다.
이에 따라 고우뱅킹은 아래와 같이 100만 달러의 은퇴 자금으로 가장 짧게 버틸 수 있는' 상위 10개 주와 '가장 오래 버틸 수 있는' 상위 10개 주를 꼽았다.
가장 오래 견딜 수 있는 주들은 주로 중부와 남부 지역에, 가장 짧게 버틸 수 있는 지역은 전통적인 대도시를 보유하고 있는 북동부와 서부에 주로 포진되어 있었다.
<100만 달러로 가장 짧게 버틸 수 있는 상위 10개 주>
1. 하와이: 9년 7개월 25일
2. 매사추세츠: 11년 8개월 9일
3. 워싱턴 D.C.: 11년 10개월 25일
4. 캘리포니아: 12년 8개월 5일
5. 뉴욕: 13년 8개월 1일
6. 알래스카: 13년 8개월 5일
7. 워싱턴 14년 11개월 12일
8. 뉴햄프셔 14년 11개월 16일
9. 버몬트: 15년 0개월 19일
10. 메릴랜드: 15년 0개월 26일
<100만 달러로 가장 오래 버틸 수 있는 상위 10개 주>
1. 웨스트 버지니아: 20년 3개월 19일
2. 미시시피: 19년 11개월 12일
3. 오클라호마: 19년 11개월 5일
4. 캔자스: 19년 9개월 15일
5. 앨라배마 19년 7개월 11일
6. 미주리: 19년 7개월 3일
7. 아칸소: 19년 6개월 15일
8. 아이오와 19년 2개월 26일
9. 테네시 19년 1개월 17일
10. 루이지애나: 19년 0개월 26일
아래는 지난 5월 24일 현재 100만 달러로 가장 짧게 버틸 수 있는 미국 전체 51개 주의 순위와 주요 항목별 예상 지출이다.
1. Hawaii
Annual groceries cost: $5,339
Annual housing cost: $35,813
Annual utilities cost: $6,913
Annual transportation cost: $6,238
Annual healthcare cost: $9,485
Total annual expenditures: $103,610
How long $1 million will last in savings: 9 years, 7 months, 25 days
2. Massachusetts
Annual groceries cost: $5,080
Annual housing cost: $26,553
Annual utilities cost: $5,867
Annual transportation cost: $5,813
Annual healthcare cost: $8,694
Total annual expenditures: $85,571
How long $1 million will last in savings: 11 years, 8 months, 9 days
3. District of Columbia
Annual groceries cost: $5,166
Annual housing cost: $26,915
Annual utilities cost: $4,664
Annual transportation cost: $5,348
Annual healthcare cost: $8,784
Total annual expenditures: $84,010
How long $1 million will last in savings: 11 years, 10 months, 25 days
4. California
Annual groceries cost: $5,387
Annual housing cost: $22,530
Annual utilities cost: $5,202
Annual transportation cost: $6,283
Annual healthcare cost: $8,226
Total annual expenditures: $78,864
How long $1 million will last in savings: 12 years, 8 months, 5 days
5. New York
Annual groceries cost: $4,994
Annual housing cost: $20,695
Annual utilities cost: $4,363
Annual transportation cost: $5,304
Annual healthcare cost: $8,173
Total annual expenditures: $73,140
How long $1 million will last in savings: 13 years, 8 months, 1 day
6. Alaska
Annual groceries cost: $5,814
Annual housing cost: $14,393
Annual utilities cost: $6,528
Annual transportation cost: $5,887
Annual healthcare cost: $11,227
Total annual expenditures: $73,082
How long $1 million will last in savings: 13 years, 8 months, 5 days
7. Washington
Annual groceries cost: $5,286
Annual housing cost: $14,966
Annual utilities cost: $3,961
Annual transportation cost: $6,490
Annual healthcare cost: $9,025
Total annual expenditures: $66,895
How long $1 million will last in savings: 14 years, 11 months, 12 days
8. New Hampshire
Annual groceries cost: $4,898
Annual housing cost: $13,259
Annual utilities cost: $5,418
Annual transportation cost: $5,556
Annual healthcare cost: $8,106
Total annual expenditures: $66,838
How long $1 million will last in savings: 14 years, 11 months, 16 days
9. Vermont
Annual groceries cost: $5,066
Annual housing cost: $15,796
Annual utilities cost: $5,007
Annual transportation cost: $4,992
Annual healthcare cost: $8,090
Total annual expenditures: $66,433
How long $1 million will last in savings: 15 years, 0 months, 19 days
10. Maryland
Annual groceries cost: $5,200
Annual housing cost: $16,006
Annual utilities cost: $4,757
Annual transportation cost: $4,869
Annual healthcare cost: $7,646
Total annual expenditures: $66,375
How long $1 million will last in savings: 15 years, 0 months, 26 days
11. Oregon
Annual groceries cost: $5,258
Annual housing cost: $15,714
Annual utilities cost: $4,151
Annual transportation cost: $6,223
Annual healthcare cost: $8,332
Total annual expenditures: $66,317
How long $1 million will last in savings: 15 years, 0 months, 29 days
12. Connecticut
Annual groceries cost: $4,965
Annual housing cost: $14,381
Annual utilities cost: $5,871
Annual transportation cost: $5,170
Annual healthcare cost: $8,204
Total annual expenditures: $65,855
How long $1 million will last in savings: 15 years, 2 months, 4 days
13. Rhode Island
Annual groceries cost: $4,960
Annual housing cost: $14,112
Annual utilities cost: $4,677
Annual transportation cost: $4,439
Annual healthcare cost: $8,068
Total annual expenditures: $64,756
How long $1 million will last in savings: 15 years, 5 months, 10 days
14. Maine
Annual groceries cost: $4,936
Annual housing cost: $14,089
Annual utilities cost: $4,499
Annual transportation cost: $5,422
Annual healthcare cost: $8,348
Total annual expenditures: $64,005
How long $1 million will last in savings: 15 years, 7 months, 15 days
15. New Jersey
Annual groceries cost: $4,855
Annual housing cost: $14,779
Annual utilities cost: $4,651
Annual transportation cost: $5,091
Annual healthcare cost: $7,570
Total annual expenditures: $63,773
How long $1 million will last in savings: 15 years, 8 months, 6 days
16. Arizona
Annual groceries cost: $4,936
Annual housing cost: $15,059
Annual utilities cost: $4,024
Annual transportation cost: $5,215
Annual healthcare cost: $7,178
Total annual expenditures: $63,600
How long $1 million will last in savings: 15 years, 8 months, 20 days
17. Colorado
Annual groceries cost: $4,979
Annual housing cost: $13,691
Annual utilities cost: $3,944
Annual transportation cost: $5,254
Annual healthcare cost: $7,465
Total annual expenditures: $61,807
How long $1 million will last in savings: 16 years, 2 months, 4 days
18. Utah
Annual groceries cost: $4,783
Annual housing cost: $13,282
Annual utilities cost: $4,139
Annual transportation cost: $5,403
Annual healthcare cost: $6,899
Total annual expenditures: $60,420
How long $1 million will last in savings: 16 years, 6 months, 18 days
19. Montana
Annual groceries cost: $4,912
Annual housing cost: $11,984
Annual utilities cost: $3,995
Annual transportation cost: $5,684
Annual healthcare cost: $7,367
Total annual expenditures: $59,610
How long $1 million will last in savings: 16 years, 9 months, 10 days
20. Virginia
Annual groceries cost: $4,826
Annual housing cost: $12,347
Annual utilities cost: $4,359
Annual transportation cost: $4,577
Annual healthcare cost: $7,676
Total annual expenditures: $58,627
How long $1 million will last in savings: 17 years, 0 months, 22 days
21. Nevada
Annual groceries cost: $4,989
Annual housing cost: $12,452
Annual utilities cost: $4,257
Annual transportation cost: $5,867
Annual healthcare cost: $6,726
Total annual expenditures: $58,454
How long $1 million will last in savings: 17 years, 1 month, 9 days
22. Florida
Annual groceries cost: $4,783
Annual housing cost: $12,557
Annual utilities cost: $4,189
Annual transportation cost: $4,805
Annual healthcare cost: $7,321
Total annual expenditures: $58,396
How long $1 million will last in savings: 17 years, 1 month, 13 days
23. Delaware
Annual groceries cost: $4,869
Annual housing cost: $11,213
Annual utilities cost: $4,219
Annual transportation cost: $4,923
Annual healthcare cost: $7,713
Total annual expenditures: $58,281
How long $1 million will last in savings: 17 years, 1 month 13 days
24. Idaho
Annual groceries cost: $4,821
Annual housing cost: $11,072
Annual utilities cost: $3,745
Annual transportation cost: $5,279
Annual healthcare cost: $7,578
Total annual expenditures: $57,240
How long $1 million will last in savings: 17 years, 5 months, 20 days
25. North Carolina
Annual groceries cost: $4,711
Annual housing cost: $10,792
Annual utilities cost: $3,914
Annual transportation cost: $4,548
Annual healthcare cost: $8,060
Total annual expenditures: $55,621
How long $1 million will last in savings: 17 years, 11 months, 23 days
26. Wisconsin
Annual groceries cost: $4,792
Annual housing cost: $9,868
Annual utilities cost: $4,215
Annual transportation cost: $4,913
Annual healthcare cost: $8,226
Total annual expenditures: $55,158
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 1 month, 16 days
27. Pennsylvania
Annual groceries cost: $4,715
Annual housing cost: $9,599.
Annual utilities cost: $4,516
Annual transportation cost: $5,146
Annual healthcare cost: $6,959
Total annual expenditures: $54,811
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 2 months, 26 days
28. Minnesota
Annual groceries cost: $4,739
Annual housing cost: $9,634
Annual utilities cost: $4,033
Annual transportation cost: $4,781
Annual healthcare cost: $8,249
Total annual expenditures: $54,580
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 3 months, 27 days
29. South Carolina
Annual groceries cost: $4,701
Annual housing cost: $9,435
Annual utilities cost: $4,744
Annual transportation cost: $4,512
Annual healthcare cost: $6,921
Total annual expenditures: $54,522
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 4 months, 3 days
30. North Dakota
Annual groceries cost: $4,495
Annual housing cost: $9,728
Annual utilities cost: $4,079
Annual transportation cost: $5,007
Annual healthcare cost: $8,452
Total annual expenditures: $54,522
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 4 months, 3 days
31. New Mexico
Annual groceries cost: $4,610
Annual housing cost: $10,172
Annual utilities cost: $3,931
Annual transportation cost: $4,755
Annual healthcare cost: $7,419
Total annual expenditures: $54,291
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 5 months, 2 days
32. Kentucky
Annual groceries cost: $4,835
Annual housing cost: $9,248
Annual utilities cost: $4,181
Annual transportation cost: $4,641
Annual healthcare cost: $6,665
Total annual expenditures: $53,886
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 6 months, 23 days
33. Wyoming
Annual groceries cost: $4,917
Annual housing cost: $9,435
Annual utilities cost: $3,893
Annual transportation cost: $4,740
Annual healthcare cost: $7,578
Total annual expenditures: $53,886
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 6 months, 23 days
34. Texas
Annual groceries cost: $4,605
Annual housing cost: $9,833
Annual utilities cost: $4,300
Annual transportation cost: $4,513
Annual healthcare cost: $7,042
Total annual expenditures: $53,770
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 7 months, 7 days
35. Ohio
Annual groceries cost: $4,816
Annual housing cost: $9,167
Annual utilities cost: $4,151
Annual transportation cost: $4,745
Annual healthcare cost: $7,630
Total annual expenditures: $53,308
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 9 months, 4 days
36. South Dakota
Annual groceries cost: $4,586
Annual housing cost: $10,032
Annual utilities cost: $3,651
Annual transportation cost: $4,760
Annual healthcare cost: $7,510
Total annual expenditures: $53,077
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 10 months, 3 days
37. Illinois
Annual groceries cost: $4,730
Annual housing cost: $9,213
Annual utilities cost: $3,740
Annual transportation cost: $4,997
Annual healthcare cost: $7,231
Total annual expenditures: $53,077
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 10 months, 3 days
38. Indiana
Annual groceries cost: $4,768
Annual housing cost: $9,190
Annual utilities cost: $4,321
Annual transportation cost: $4,646
Annual healthcare cost: $7,238
Total annual expenditures: $52,672
How long $1 million will last in savings: 18 years, 11 months, 27 days
39. Michigan
Annual groceries cost: $4,802
Annual housing cost: $9,096
Annual utilities cost: $4,236
Annual transportation cost: $4,795
Annual healthcare cost: $7,095
Total annual expenditures: $52,614
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 0 months, 4 days
40. Nebraska
Annual groceries cost: $4,586
Annual housing cost: $9,131
Annual utilities cost: $3,719
Annual transportation cost: $4,889
Annual healthcare cost: $7,517
Total annual expenditures: $52,614
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 0 months, 4 days
41. Georgia
Annual groceries cost: $4,677
Annual housing cost: $9,096
Annual utilities cost: $3,740
Annual transportation cost: $4,582
Annual healthcare cost: $7,502
Total annual expenditures: $52,557
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 0 months, 11 days
42. Louisiana
Annual groceries cost: $4,519
Annual housing cost: $9,412
Annual utilities cost: $3,516
Annual transportation cost: $4,666
Annual healthcare cost: $7,487
Total annual expenditures: $52,441
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 0 months, 26 days
43. Tennessee
Annual groceries cost: $4,644
Annual housing cost: $9,611
Annual utilities cost: $3,939
Annual transportation cost: $4,305
Annual healthcare cost: $6,628
Total annual expenditures: $52,267
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 1 month, 17 days
44. Iowa
Annual groceries cost: $4,620
Annual housing cost: $8,488
Annual utilities cost: $4,054
Annual transportation cost: $4,884
Annual healthcare cost: $7,646
Total annual expenditures: $51,978
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 2 months, 26 days
45. Arkansas
Annual groceries cost: $4,548
Annual housing cost: $8,582
Annual utilities cost: $3,876
Annual transportation cost: $4,444
Annual healthcare cost: $6,469
Total annual expenditures: $51,169
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 6 months, 15 days
46. Missouri
Annual groceries cost: $4,567
Annual housing cost: $8,933
Annual utilities cost: $4,300
Annual transportation cost: $4,389
Annual healthcare cost: $6,794
Total annual expenditures: $51,053
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 7 months, 3 days
47. Alabama
Annual groceries cost: $4,596
Annual housing cost: $8,243
Annual utilities cost: $4,312
Annual transportation cost: $4,404
Annual healthcare cost: $6,469
Total annual expenditures: $50,995
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 7 months, 11 days
48. Kansas
Annual groceries cost: $4,629
Annual housing cost: $7,974
Annual utilities cost: $4,444
Annual transportation cost: $4,429
Annual healthcare cost: $7,382
Total annual expenditures: $50,533
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 9 months, 15 days
49. Oklahoma
Annual groceries cost: $4,519
Annual housing cost: $8,313
Annual utilities cost: $4,003
Annual transportation cost: $4,651
Annual healthcare cost: $6,982
Total annual expenditures: $50,186
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 11 months, 5 days
50. Mississippi
Annual groceries cost: $4,644
Annual housing cost: $8,488
Annual utilities cost: $3,685
Annual transportation cost: $4,216
Annual healthcare cost: $7,427
Total annual expenditures: $50,128
How long $1 million will last in savings: 19 years, 11 months, 12 days
51. West Virginia
Annual groceries cost: $4,701
Annual housing cost: $7,284
Annual utilities cost: $4,067
Annual transportation cost: $4,528
Annual healthcare cost: $7,163
Total annual expenditures: $49,261
How long $1 million will last in savings: 20 years, 3 months, 19 days